But there is one of the brown recluse relatives, that is native to Southern California, that have started to show up in Orange County. There is also another relative of the brown recluse nearby that migrated from South America, Chile specifically, to Los Angeles County, but has not been seen in Orange County yet. The native species that has been seen in small groups is the desert recluse. This spider is mainly found in the southern deserts of California, mainly in the eastern parts of the state but a few have shown up in southeastern Orange County near the foothills area of the county. The Desert Recluse, the native spider is found in the foothills and desert areas. In their home areas, when you find one you find a whole bunch.
Recluses in general are found in cracks and crevices in and under rocks. They have very much benefited from human-altered environments where they are readily found under trash cans, plywood, traps, or rubber tires, in boxes, etc. They are often found in association with humans and therefore are considered "house" spiders. In the southeast the brown recluse is often called the picture spider because it is often found behind pictures hanging on walls.
Several characteristic of these spiders is that in the right environment their populations are usually very dense. If you find one there are more nearby. Unlike many other spiders that disperse by either migrating or being carried by air currents (called ballooning) when small, recluse spiders can expand only outside their native range as a result of human intervention. Like I said earlier, the few brown recluses that have been collected in Orange County typically are found in facilities that receive goods from out of state or are unintentionally transported by people who have moved from the South East.
Considering that brown recluse spider bites are not common in the Southeast where they cohabit with people, it is clear that Orange County does not have anywhere near sufficient populations of any recluse spiders to be responsible for the number of cases or illnesses that are attributed to them. All these spiders have the venom that is capable of causing skin lesions. The desert recluse spider's venom is similar to that of the brown recluse and should be considered of equal potency.
The Chilean recluse, which is in Los Angeles County, supposedly has venom more potent than the others. The vast majority of bites from this type of spider,heal very nicely without medical intervention. There is still not one proven death from a recluse bite. While there are several highly probable deaths reported in children, these are extremely rare occurrences, about one every decade or so. But as of today no verified bits from this spider have been reported in Orange County California.
